Introduction to Detection Sensor Technology for Rotor Dynamic Balancing Machine
The sensor of the dynamic balancing machine is the primary link to achieve automatic detection and control, and plays an important role in the rotor dynamic balancing testing system. It can transform the detected information into electrical signals or other forms of information output according to the information characteristics. The dynamic balancing machine technician will focus on introducing the types of dynamic balancing machine sensors.
The working principle of sensors detecting vibration signals can be represented by three processes: the first process is to receive vibration signals, the second process is to convert vibration signals into electrical signals, and the third process is to convert electrical signals into voltage signals that can be processed by subsequent instruments. There are many types of sensors in practical applications, including pressure sensors, infrared sensors, displacement sensors, photoelectric sensors, etc. Below, we will focus on introducing several vibration sensors used in the rotor dynamic balance and dynamic balance testing system.
1. Speed sensor
A speed sensor is a sensor that converts the speed of object vibration into electrical output. It is a non-contact measuring device that can be manufactured using mechanical, electrical, magnetic, optical, and hybrid methods. Common speed sensors are divided into several categories, such as magneto electric induction, photoelectric effect, Hall effect, etc. Its advantages are easy installation, no need for external power supply, good performance in measuring intermediate frequency range, and it is more suitable for medium speed rotors; The disadvantage is that the performance may decrease after a period of use, and there may be a certain phase difference in low-frequency prediction.
2. Acceleration sensor
An accelerometer is an electronic device that can measure acceleration force. In physics, when an object is subjected to a force, it produces an acceleration, such as gravity. The acceleration force can be a constant, such as g, and can be a variable. The accelerometer is designed based on this principle. Common types include magneto electric acceleration sensors, piezoelectric acceleration sensors, and fiber optic acceleration sensors. In unbalanced measurement, piezoelectric acceleration sensors are commonly used, which have the advantages of good reliability, easy installation, and are suitable for measuring high-frequency vibrations; The disadvantage is that it is difficult to measure low-frequency vibrations and requires an external DC power supply for measurement.
3. Speed sensor
A speed sensor is a sensor that converts the rotational speed of a rotating object into electrical output. It can accurately measure the instantaneous speed of various motors used in automatic control systems and automation instruments. The commonly used speed sensors are divided into magneto electric induction type, photoelectric effect type, magneto resistive effect type, capacitive type, etc. The phase of the unbalance is based on the speed signal, and the periodic pulse signal for speed measurement is also provided by the speed signal.
4. Displacement sensor
Displacement sensors, also known as linear sensors, commonly include inductive displacement sensors, capacitive displacement sensors, photoelectric displacement sensors, ultrasonic displacement sensors, and Hall displacement sensors. The working principle of a displacement sensor is to convert the physical displacement generated by the object being measured into corresponding electrical signals. Displacement sensors are mainly used for intelligent control of analog quantities in automated equipment production lines. Its advantages are that the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurement signal is relatively high, and the measurement frequency range is relatively wide, which can directly measure the vibration position and is easy to calibrate; Its disadvantage is that it is inconvenient to install and requires an external DC power supply for use.
The sensor of the dynamic balancing machine is the primary link to achieve automatic detection and control, and plays an important role in the rotor dynamic balancing testing system. It can transform the detected information into electrical signals or other forms of information output according to the information characteristics. The dynamic balancing machine technician will focus on introducing the types of dynamic balancing machine sensors.
The working principle of sensors detecting vibration signals can be represented by three processes: the first process is to receive vibration signals, the second process is to convert vibration signals into electrical signals, and the third process is to convert electrical signals into voltage signals that can be processed by subsequent instruments. There are many types of sensors in practical applications, including pressure sensors, infrared sensors, displacement sensors, photoelectric sensors, etc. Below, we will focus on introducing several vibration sensors used in the rotor dynamic balance and dynamic balance testing system.
1. Speed sensor
A speed sensor is a sensor that converts the speed of object vibration into electrical output. It is a non-contact measuring device that can be manufactured using mechanical, electrical, magnetic, optical, and hybrid methods. Common speed sensors are divided into several categories, such as magneto electric induction, photoelectric effect, Hall effect, etc. Its advantages are easy installation, no need for external power supply, good performance in measuring intermediate frequency range, and it is more suitable for medium speed rotors; The disadvantage is that the performance may decrease after a period of use, and there may be a certain phase difference in low-frequency prediction.
2. Acceleration sensor
An accelerometer is an electronic device that can measure acceleration force. In physics, when an object is subjected to a force, it produces an acceleration, such as gravity. The acceleration force can be a constant, such as g, and can be a variable. The accelerometer is designed based on this principle. Common types include magneto electric acceleration sensors, piezoelectric acceleration sensors, and fiber optic acceleration sensors. In unbalanced measurement, piezoelectric acceleration sensors are commonly used, which have the advantages of good reliability, easy installation, and are suitable for measuring high-frequency vibrations; The disadvantage is that it is difficult to measure low-frequency vibrations and requires an external DC power supply for measurement.
3. Speed sensor
A speed sensor is a sensor that converts the rotational speed of a rotating object into electrical output. It can accurately measure the instantaneous speed of various motors used in automatic control systems and automation instruments. The commonly used speed sensors are divided into magneto electric induction type, photoelectric effect type, magneto resistive effect type, capacitive type, etc. The phase of the unbalance is based on the speed signal, and the periodic pulse signal for speed measurement is also provided by the speed signal.
4. Displacement sensor
Displacement sensors, also known as linear sensors, commonly include inductive displacement sensors, capacitive displacement sensors, photoelectric displacement sensors, ultrasonic displacement sensors, and Hall displacement sensors. The working principle of a displacement sensor is to convert the physical displacement generated by the object being measured into corresponding electrical signals. Displacement sensors are mainly used for intelligent control of analog quantities in automated equipment production lines. Its advantages are that the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurement signal is relatively high, and the measurement frequency range is relatively wide, which can directly measure the vibration position and is easy to calibrate; Its disadvantage is that it is inconvenient to install and requires an external DC power supply for use.
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